Ian cormack, cecilia titulaer and shirley cormack helped translate the treaty of waitangi into 30 different languages. Maori and pakeha perspectives on the treaty of waitangi 1989,3 a collection of papers on the treaty. Treaty of waitangi 1840 translation of the maori text by prof. The treaty of waitangi te tiriti o waitangi te tiriti o waitangi treaty of waitangi, is an agreement in both the te reo maori and english language. The treaty of waitangi 1840 translation of the maori text by prof.
Not only is waitangi engaging from an educational point of view, its also a very beautiful place to explore. Ive spent the last hour or so researching and the version i think we should use is the one by prof. Translation by professor sir hugh kawharu victoria, the queen of england, in her concern to protect the chiefs and subtribes of new zealand and. The treaty of waitangi was signed on february 6, 1840, at waitangi in the bay of islands. Many people consider it the founding document of new zealand, the basis upon which our present day society is built. Among new issues to emerge in the last fifteen years are the inclusion of the treaty in a large range of legislation, greater recognition by the crown of its. It was signed by representatives of the british crown and by representatives of maori tribal groups in 1840. Treaty of waitangi to be published in 30 languages rnz news. The chiefs of the confederation and all the chiefs who have not joined that confederation give absolutely to the queen of england for ever. Treaty of waitangi act 1975 no 114 as at 01 august 2019. He tirohanga o kawa ki te tiriti o waitangi te puni kokiri. See paul mchugh, constitutional theory and maori claims, in waitangi. As a standing commission of inquiry, the waitangi tribunal is tasked with determining whether crown actions or omissions are in breach of treaty principles.
There are sources of information about the appropriate policy tools to use. Done at waitangi, this sixth day of february, in the year of our lord one thousand eight hundred and forty. The treaty of waitangi te tiriti o waitangi christchurch. The six waitangi tribunal texts that were analysed were the report of the. Applied geography 1992, 12,176191 the treaty of waitangi and the waitangi tribunal. On the day that it was first signed, there were versions in english and maori. Additional copies of the treaty are circulated throughout both islands, gaining an additional 500 signatures. Tiriti o waitangi 1840 maori text of the treaty with an.
The treaty of waitangi te tiriti o waitangi is central to everything that the waitangi tribunal does. The following version of the treaty of waitangi is taken from the first schedule to the treaty of waitangi act 1975. Kawharu also widened the meaning of the word taonga away from the 1840 dictionary meaning of. Panakareao, nopera, from the dictionary of new zealand biography. Today the treaty is widely accepted to be a constitutional document that establishes and guides the relationship between the crown in new zealand embodied by our government and maori. The maori version is not an exact translation of the english.
With the signing of the treaty in 1840, maori and pakeha began the long journey towards creating a nation together. Te tiriti o waitangi or the treaty of waitangi 1840. Treaty of waitangi the treaty of waitangi is an agreement between the british crown and the maori people. Maori and pakeha perspectives of the treaty of waitangi kawharu, i. Maori claims in new zealand evelyn stokes department ofgeography, university of waikato, hamilton, new zealand abstract the treaty of waitangi, signed on 6 february 1840, was the basis for british settlement and government in new zealand and an agreement whereby maori. The kawharu translation treaty of waitangi for dummies. New zealands historic founding document, the treaty of waitangi, is to be. Meaning of the treaty the information given below is intended as a general guide only, and should not necessarily be read as a statement of the views or findings of the waitangi tribunal. The treaty of waitangi allowed the crown to set up a. Anthropologist and ngati whatua leader hugh kawharu right receives the polynesian societys elsdon best medal in 1992 from professor bruce biggs, the societys president.
Now therefore we the chiefs of the c onfederation of the united. Maori and pakeha perspectives of the treaty of waitangi. Listen to a recorded interview from radio new zealand with dr claudia orange on the background to the treaty, its interpretations and her book, the treaty of waitangi. As british settlement increased, the british government decided to negotiate a formal agreement with maori chiefs to become a british colony. For example, safe states that the treaty of waitangi is an agreement that sets up a partnership relationship between maori and tau iwi in new zealand. Ka meatia tenei ki waitangi i te ono o nga ra o pepueri i te tau kotahi mano, e waru rau e wa te kau o to tatou ariki. The treaty of waitangi act 1975 established the waitangi tribunal to consider claims that the government had breached the treaty, and make recommendations to the government. The three tiriti o waitangi translation texts were ngata 1963, i. Treaty of waitangi fisheries claims settlement act 1992. The 1975 creation of the waitangi tribunal was instructed by 52 functions of tribunal, in the statutes of new zealand, that in exercising any of its functions under this section the tribunal shall have regard to the two texts of the treaty set out in the first schedule to this act and, for the purposes of this act, shall have exclusive.
Maori and pakeha perspectives of the treaty of waitangi was published. February 6th the treaty of waitangi is signed by 45 of the attending chiefs. You can take a tour along the waitangi river or explore the small semiformal garden that surrounds the treaty house to the 6kilometre forest walk that leads to haruru falls, the natural environment is spectacular. Differences between the texts, ministry for culture and heritage, updated 20dec2012.
The treaty recognized maori people occupied new zealand prior to british. Te tiriti o waitangi is a treaty made between maori and the british crown in 1840. Treaty of waitangi social policy and programmes essay. The following translation of the te reo maori version of the treaty was done by former tribunal member professor sir hugh kawharu. The treaty of waitangi 1840 translation of the maori. He tohu, national library of new zealand, cnr of molesworth and aitken street, wellington. That means that safes policies reflect the acceptance of the treaty as a meaningful document that should be enforced to recognize the maori as worthy citizens, fully eligible for any and all. The settlement of waitangi in northland is still the focus of events when new zealand celebrates the signing with a national holiday on february 6 each year or the monday following if the 6th falls on a weekend. This text was signed at waitangi on 6 february 1840, and thereafter in the north and at auckland. Interpretations and meaning of the treaty of waitangi christchurch. Cabinet office circular te tiriti o waitangitreaty of. Most maori chiefs signed the maorilanguage version of the treaty at waitangi on 6 february 1840 or later in the north and at auckland. Read the treaty read the treaty nzhistory, new zealand history. Apr 14, 20 treaty of waitangi questions and answers 9 besides, the treaty of waitangi is an agreement signed on february 6, 1840, by captain hobson, representing queen victoria, and by more than 500 maori rangatira chiefs, which enabled the peaceful acquisition of land for settlement purposes and ensured that immigrants could come and live here in.
Cox, noel the treaty of waitangi and the relationship. Ian hugh kawharu, 1992 kawanatanga maori engagement. Transcript of handwritten original in archives new zealandte rua mahara o te kawanatanga, wellington office. Treaty of waitangi te ara encyclopedia of new zealand. Please feel free to use the abundant material on this website with acknowledgement. The original english version of the treaty was hastily translated into maori and contained many differences in meaning that impacted the sovereignty and. Maori and pakeha perspectives of the treaty of waitangi i. The treaty of waitangi act 1975 defines the treaty as the treaty of waitangi as set out in english and in maori in schedule 1 of the act, and schedule 1 cites the freeman lands estates forests fisheries preemption version as the official english text. The six waitangi tribunal texts that were analysed were the.
There are two versions of the treaty an english version and a maori language version translated by henry. Readers interested in the tribunals interpretation of the treaty and its principles are directed to the reports of the tribunal. Sir hugh kawharu victoria, the queen of england, in her concern to protect the chiefs and the subtribes of new zealand and in her desire to preserve their chieftainship 1 and their lands to them and to maintain peace 2 and good order considers it just to appoint an. Hugh kawharu used with permission signed william hobson lieutenant governor. The treaty agreed the terms by which new zealand would become a british colony. One common argument proposed in the debate around the treaty of waitangi is that in the maori translation, under article 2, the crown promised, to protect the chiefs, the subtribes and all the people of new zealand in the unqualified exercise of their chieftainship over their lands, villages and all their treasures. For those nefarious socialengineers and activists circa 1975, intent upon reinventing the treaty of waitangi, the key strategy to be employed hinged upon getting a particular version of the treaty, in english, officially accepted into our legislation to sit alongside the maorilanguage te tiriti o waitangi and be coequal to it in the. New zealands founding document, the treaty of waitangi, was prepared over just a few days in february 1840.
Biggs, humptydumpty and the treaty of waitangi, in kawharu 1989. Maori interpretations of the treaty have predominated since the 1980s, and the maori translation is now accepted as the authoritative version. This resource offers trustees an overview of the treaty articles in the context of education. The treaty of waitangi background and consequences. Waitangi, one of new zealands most significant historic sites, is where the treaty of waitangi was signed in 1840 between the british crown and more than 500 maori chiefs. Aug 24, 2014 the treaty of waitangi act 1975 defines the treaty as the treaty of waitangi as set out in english and in maori in schedule 1 of the act, and schedule 1 cites the freeman lands estates forests fisheries preemption version as the official english text.
See also a pdf version with explanatory footnotes by professor hugh kawharu. It remains central to debates about new zealand society and its future. Translation by professor i h kawharu, published in report of the royal commission on social policy, wellington, 1988. Treaty of waitangi new zealand ministry of justice. Te tiriti o waitangi the treaty of waitangi treaty 2 u. The treaty of waitangite tiriti o waitangi waitangi. February 5th the treaty is presented to a gathering of northern chiefs in the grounds of james busbys house in waitangi. See also sian elias, the treaty of waitangi and separation of powers in new zealand, in courts and policy. On 6 february 1840, the british signed the treaty of waitangi with a group of maori leaders from the north island. The kawharu translation the treaty that was drafted, debated, and signed in 1840, was a simple threearticle document in which the british queen obtained sovereignty first article, and maori became her subjects, equal to britons, and possessing all the rights and liberties of subjects third article, including of course the continued.
A treaty was drawn up in english then translated into maori. English version waitangi tribunal waitangi tribunal. Reaching agreement on the meaning and spirit of the treaty of waitangi new zealands founding document has led to fierce debate and. There has been much debate over the differences how they came to be and what they mean. Te tiriti o waitangi is a treaty first signed on 6 february 1840 by representatives of the british crown and maori chiefs rangatira from the north island of new zealand. Te tiriti o waitangi the treaty of waitangi english text modern english translation of maori version footnotes of the maori text by prof. Read the treaty read the treaty nzhistory, new zealand. A more important factor to consider, and one which might point the way to the adoption of a new theory of government one in which entrenchment, should this be necessary or desirable, is possible is the position of the treaty of waitangi. It has become a document of central importance to the history, to the political constitution of the state, and to the national mythos of. Perspectives on the treaty of waitangi, edited by michael. Maori and pakeha perspectives of the treaty of waitangi 25, 42, 47 sir hugh kawharu ed.
There were three key te tiriti o waitangi translation texts and six waitangi tribunal texts relevant to. The governor says that the several faiths beliefs of england, of the wesleyans, of rome, and also maori custom shall alike be protected by him. The treaty of waitangi was signed on the sixth of february 1840 by 43 northland chiefs and lieutenant governor hobson. There are two versions of the treaty of waitangi one written in the maori language and the other a translation in english. The maori version of the treaty of waitangi tiriti has three articles. A contemporary translation of the maori version by professor sir hugh kawharu. The three articles of the treaty of waitangi nation and. Mar 20, 2018 reaching agreement on the meaning and spirit of the treaty of waitangi new zealands founding document has led to fierce debate and violent conflict between european settlers and. Waikatomanukau treaty copy english her majesty victoria queen of the united. Transcript of the english version of the original treaty of waitangi document. The treaty of waitangi and school governance information booklet. Sir hugh kawharu, which is often called the official modern english translation of the maori version, was used in the treaty times thirty translation collaboration, and is listed on various nz govt sites, including the waitangi tribunal site. In 1989 kawharu made an english translation of the maori version of the treaty of waitangi, aiming to better reflect the understanding of the chiefs who signed the treaty.
Differences between the texts read the treaty nzhistory. The principles of the treaty a partnership between the government and maori began to be mentioned in other new zealand law, and knowledge about the treaty became. Translation of the te reo maori text waitangi tribunal. Perspectives on the treaty of waitangi, edited by michael belgrave, merata kawharu and david. Many boards want to move beyond simplistic acknowledgement of the treaty to practices that are evidence based and culturally responsive. The first the chiefs of the confederation and all the chiefs. Victoria, the queen of england, in her concern to protect the chiefs and subtribes of new zealand and in her desire to preserve their chieftainship and their lands to them and to maintain peace and good.
This website and accompanying facebook page are living sites and will be added to as issues arise and time progresses. Her majesty victoria, queen of the united kingdom of great britain and ireland, regarding with her royal favour the native chiefs and tribes of new zealand, and anxious to protect their just rights and property, and to secure to them the enjoyment of peace and good order, has deemed it. The treaty was drafted in english and translated into maori. In west africa alone it made 10 treaties similar to the waitangi treaty. A full reproduction of the text of the english version of the treaty, taken from schedule 1 of the treaty of waitangi act 1975. Many maori see it as more than this, as a spiritually and legally binding covenant between maori and the crown that cannot be broken.
Interpretations and meaning of the treaty of waitangi. How many copies of the treaty of waitangi were made answers. The treaty of waitangi was signed in 1840 and was an agreement between the british crown and a large number of maori chiefs. The treaty of waitangi, new zealands historic founding document, has been translated and published for the first time in 30 languages. The original english version of the treaty was hastily translated into maori and contained many differences in meaning that impacted the sovereignty and governance of maori land and people. The treaty of waitangite tiriti o waitangi waitangi tribunal. And today, perhaps more than ever, it is helping to forge productive working relationships between maori and other new zealanders. The treaty is as controversial today as it was in 1989 when waitangi. Treaty of waitangi for dummies provides a resource for those who want to join in the debate. The translation sets out to show how maori would have understood the meaning of the text they signed. Official english text treaty of waitangi for dummies. In oldstyle waitangi day speeches, people used to boast that new zealand was unique. The treaty of waitangite tiriti o waitangi is central to everything that the waitangi tribunal does. The cabinet manual states the treaty of waitangi is regarded as a.
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